Language and Communication for Business and Commerce

Communication in any organization is a very important aspect as it can make or break an organization. Companies generally do not have a public language (Lang, 2010). It is of great importance that when the hiring is taking place, there is absolutely no tribalism or nepotism going on and that people are hired purely on a merit basis. Cultural identity helps in facilitating an extensive role in organizational interpersonal relationships hence being of great relevance when it comes to cultural identity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Language and Communication for Business and Commerce specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Culture is often defined as â€Å"the coherent, learned and shared view of a group of people about life’s concerns that ranks what is important, furnishes attitudes about what things are appropriate, and dictates behavior† (Jameson, 2007, p. 5). When it comes to organizations, people or groups of people are known to be the main components of cultures. This is evident in that when individuals want to spend a substantial amount of time in an organization working together, they end up thinking alike and sometimes taking up the organization’s cultural practices though not necessarily. If one was to study different organizations and the different professionals involved, one would understand this concept. For example in the defense force, the culture of hierarchy is very well displayed in that they themselves can tell the ranks that their fellow officers are in and they have a way or some form of respect for those in high ranks. This is evident when one watches them in their places of work. This is a culture that was developed and has been passed on thus not an easy form of culture to disband. Most professions require that before you are indicted into the profession formally, you ought to sign a code of ethics and conduct stating that you will adhere to the laid o ut guidelines and procedures in a bid to live by the governing code (Coopl, Etzion Batini, 2000). How managers of companies might take the components of cultural identity into account in managing the company’s employees When it comes to management of the organization, it is very vital that the managers in charge of the hiring process look into the cultural values of employees in a bid to avoid infringement of rights in the work place. Philosophical, geographical, social and lingual cultures all ought to come into the picture. When hiring probably on an international scale level considering the organization is a multi-national, it is vital not to stress that one should not be of a certain background in terms of worship or their religion beliefs. This would sideline the affected thus affecting the entire process. One’s background also ought to be put into consideration because not all people would want to work in an organization where they are forced to slaughter animal s (Millar, 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cultural ethnicity is another important aspect that needs to come in consideration. Cultural ethnicity can be defined as the values and traditions or heritage passed down from one generation to the other in a bid to keep the ethnic values from being washed into being non-existent (Millar, 2007). An organization that puts these cultural aspects in place stands to command immense respect from both prospective job seekers and also employees alike; not necessarily in the same organization but regionally or worldwide, for instance the UN. Another important ethnic aspect that is widely advocated for in almost all organizations in the whole world is gender. Gender is widely discussed and in most instances, employers are often quoted as saying that female applicants are encouraged to apply. This is one of the ways in which gender equality in the work place is enhanced. In the current world, there are no special jobs that are meant for men and others for women as both are equally educated and have had the same advantages in life (Barker Angelopulo, 2006). Gender is also a very sensitive cultural component. It is always advisable to have both male and female employees in an organization. Another cultural ethnicity that is often neglected is health. Most of the time the disabled feel that they are being side lined due to their inability to probably perform some minor tasks. This is professionally wrong as the disabled should be accorded equal rights in these organizations and also made to feel comfortable. Age is another aspect of great importance that ought to come to play. When one looks at a certain age bracket, it is evident that they have a lot of things in common. It is of great importance that managers in organizations come up with some form of organizational hierarchy that will indeed connect their emp loyees. This would be a very vital tool in ridding the organization off vices like discrimination. Sexual orientation is slowly becoming an accepted norm in most organizations today (Barker Angelopulo, 2006). At the end of the day, an organization’s workforce is its investment and when they do not put the employees’ rights and aspects in place, the employees are not as productive as they ought to be. References Barker, R., and Angelopulo, G. P. (2006). Integrated organisational communication. Cape Town, SA: Juta Co Ltd. Coopl, S., Etzion, O. and Batini, C. (2000). Cooperative information systems. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Language and Communication for Business and Commerce specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jameson, D. A. (2007). Reconceptualizing cultural identity and its role in intercultural business communication. Journal of Business Communication, 44(3) :199-235. DOI: 10.1177/0021943607301346. Lang, P. (2010). Language use in business and commerce in Europe. Frankfurt: Peter Lang GmbH. Millar, R. (2007). Doing business with India. London, UK: GMB Publishing Ltd. This essay on Language and Communication for Business and Commerce was written and submitted by user Paloma Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Advices, which will make your LinkedIn profile attractive for employers

Advices, which will make your LinkedIn profile attractive for employers What Every College Student Should Post on LinkedIn Have you already completed your resume? Are you trying to find success formula to achieve suitable job search? If you focus on these above mentioned questions and make first steps to succeed within carrier questions, you should know that resume is not enough for modern job market. Nowadays, except resume, employers consider and pay great attention to your LinkedIn profile. Most of applicants should take care about the existing of such profile and its suitable content. Modern job hunting world establishes its own rules and one of them is the appropriate and active presence in the corresponding social networks. So what to post in your profile and what should be avoided by you, in order to make your LinkedIn perfect? Let’s find out what your future employer will appreciate and what can become success factor. Post a profile photo. Profile photo plays a significant role for job recruiters. Except your personal information, academic degree and skills, they want to discover your personality and your photo is important by that. Do not hesitate about your age or any other persuasions. Profiles with photos are more often viewed and highly appreciated by the employers. Though, keep in mind that you should add more or less official photo to your profile. There is hardly a HR-specialist, who will appreciate your selfy with the radiant make-up or photos from parties or pubs. Include coursework and term paper themes It will be great for your LinkedIn page if you do your best for detailed description of all topics of term papers and coursework. Thus, you can work over some problem, which suits exactly for some company or particular position. Employers can search innovative ideas and researches within definite sphere and your experience can become the real finding for them. Besides, your careful and detailed overview of your academic works can show that you are a conscious and responsible person, who exposes the cause, you deal with. Ask for recommendations If you already have some work experience, ask your previous employer to write some words about you. Having no experience of work, you can ask your college professor or teacher to post some recommendations. Your achievements and aptitudes, mentioned by other people, can attract interest of your potential employer. Do not lose an opportunity to use positive impressions and opinions of other people and get your carrier arranged. Connect with successful people You have a certain sphere of interest. Thus, it can be fashion, building or IT sphere. It will be great for you to have significant people within the industry in your connections. There can be different opportunities, you can follow their activity and find out new information for you. Sometimes such connections can make your chance to be employed really high. But never request connection by asking for a job. It will not work out. Find something common for you and the person, like the same college or native town. Ask professional advice or make an interesting comment – that is also your chance to connect with the right person. Comment on industry-specific articles First of all, following and reading such articles bring invaluable knowledge and development for you. You find out all the latest news and researches within the sphere and improve your professional level. Your reasonable comments can attract attention of desired recruiters and bring your targeted position. Be active, ask thoughtful questions and show your professional aptitudes. Check for spelling and grammar errors Be sure to check all your posts and comments to be grammatically correct and contain no misspelling. Believe that it will be one more point to your score for the employers. Follow our tips and gain professional achievements, it's in your hands!

This Is What JavaScript Is Used For

This Is What JavaScript Is Used For There are a number of different places where JavaScript can be used but the most common place to use it is in a web page. In fact, for most people using JavaScript, in a web page is the only place where they use it. The Three Languages of a Website The first requirement of a web page is to define the content of the web page. This is done using a markup language that defines what each of the component parts of the content are. The language that is normally used to markup the content is HTML although XHTML can also be used if you do not require the pages to work in Internet Explorer. Hamza TArkkol / Getty Images The HTML defines what the content is. When written properly no attempt is made to define how that content is supposed to look. After all, the content will need to look different depending on what device is being used to access it. Mobile devices generally have smaller screens than computers. Printed copies of the content will have a fixed width and may not require all the navigation be included. For people listening to the page, it will be how the page is read rather than how it looks that needs to be defined. The appearance of a web page is defined using Cascading Style Sheets that specify which media the specific commands apply to, so the content formats appropriately for the device. Using just these two languages you can create static web pages that will be accessible regardless of which device is used to access the page. These static pages can interact with your visitor through the use of forms. After a form is filled out and submitted, a request is sent back to the server where a new static web page is constructed and eventually downloaded into the browser. The big disadvantage of web pages like this is that the only way that your visitor has of interacting with the page is by filling out the form and waiting for a new page to load. Add JavaScript for Dynamic Pages JavaScript translates your static page into one that can interact with your visitors without them needing to wait for a new page to load every time they make a request. JavaScript adds behavior to the web page where the page responds to actions without needing to load a new page to process the request. No longer does your visitor need to fill out an entire form and submit it in order to be told that they made a typo in the first field and need to enter it all again. With JavaScript, you can validate each of the fields as they enter it and provide immediate feedback when they err. Tetra Images / Getty Images JavaScript also allows your page to be interactive in other ways that do not involve forms at all. You can add animations into the page that either attract attention to a specific part of the page or which make the page easier to use.You can provide responses within the web page to various actions that your visitor takes so as to avoid the need to load new web pages to respond. You can even have the JavaScript load new images, objects, or scripts into the web page without needing to reload the entire page. There is even a way for JavaScript to pass requests back to the server and handle responses from the server without the need for loading new pages. Incorporating JavaScript into a web page allows you to improve your visitors experience by converting it from a static page into one that can interact with them. One important thing to remember though is that not everyone visiting your page will have JavaScript and so your page will still need to work for those who dont have JavaScript. Use JavaScript to make your page work better for those who have it.

Serpico Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Serpico - Essay Example An understanding of Serpico’s story helps to illuminate the importance of integrity, autonomy and responsibility in every individual involved with criminal justice. The story of Frank Serpico has proved the impetus for a variety of police reforms and attempts at reform as the public found out just how extensive the system of ‘crooked cops’ went following Serpico’s revelations to the New York Times when he found his superiors unresponsive and incapable of dealing with what he encountered. Rather than being a case of a problem that had been so long unknown that it was beyond control, much like a houseful of termites within the framework, what Serpico uncovered in the 1960s and early 1970s was a case of so many individuals embroiled in the action that it was nearly impossible to find superiors capable of following through on investigations without implicating themselves. Reading through the slightly fictionalized biography of Frank Serpico reveals not only the extraordinary conditions in which he finds himself, but the several places in his life in which he was forced to make a difficult ethical decision, often at his own perso nal cost and suggests places in which an equally ethical criminal justice administrator might have been of significant assistance. The story opens up as Serpico is being rushed to the hospital after having been shot in the face in what is still debated as possibly an arranged ‘hit’ between the drug dealers and the police officers with whom he was working. Once it is properly established that this did not prove to be a fatal shot, although it came within fractions of a centimeter of being so, the novel turns to recount the past events of Serpico’s life that had brought him to the hospital that night and why suspicions of conspiracy were circulating. Touching only very briefly upon his childhood

Please see the order instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Please see the order instruction - Essay Example Both China and Russia changed themselves from centrally planned economies to market-directed and China’s reforms started in the late 1970s whereas Russia saw such reforms only during the early 1990s. The pace and situation of the reforms were different in both the countries. Russia’s reforms were brought into effect comparatively at full tilt after the end of Communism. In China, market-oriented reforms took form gradually and were controlled by Communist government. Political constraints play a critical role in the development of economic reforms. For Chinese leaders, the reform strategies were a medium through which they could make changes and adjustments to their own political interests. However, if the interests are not protected, the parties would disagree with such reforms. According to political scientist Susan Shirk, political constraints lead to a compromise in decision making process among political parties. In order to solve the political constraint problem, China had started modest reform strategies in some areas and sectors where investment opportunities were huge and estimated profit from the pre-reform system was small. Soft budget constraint was introduced by Kornai. It is a main source of inefficiency. These inefficiencies, in order, tend to lead to inefficient resource allocation, over investment, shortages and macro economic imbalances. The SBC exists and creates problems in other financial systems. Kornai states that there are two kinds of explanations of SBC. They are exogenous and endogenous. â€Å"Explanations of the first type attribute the existence of the SBC to various exogenous reasons, including the paternalism of a socialist state and the governments aims for job creation or for gaining political support† (Lin & Tan 1999). The second type of explanation views the SBC as an endogenous phenomenon, which is

Water Rationing in Malaysia

Water Rationing in Malaysia Definition of Water Rationing Water is the most essential single element required in order for people to accomplish the universal human right to a standard of living adequate for the health as well as well-being of himself and his family. Lacking of access to fresh water, health and well-being are severely jeopardized. This is because people cannot live without basic water supplies. Water is the important need so that people continue to survive. Without water, people could only survive for a few months before they had some serious health problems or even death. Fresh water protection is a huge responsibility that involves in the individual, industrial and even the government. Every single person has a vital role in trying to protect the continuous supply of fresh water. One of the main concerns regarding water is that of there will be enough water for the request within the next 25 to 50 years later. Current rising problem today is the lack of drinking water. Once every twenty years, the consumption of water is double. The supply of fresh water is not renewing at the same speed anymore. The lack of drinking water has caused a much larger problem. The problem is that the water is polluted. Currently, about half of the hospital beds in the world are filled with patients with water borne diseases. In the Malay Mail newspaper, it shows that â€Å"The water supply from the dams is not enough to supply water to more than 7 million users in the Klang Valley.† In the Klang Valley together with Wilayah Persekutuan and Selangor states, the current water rationing program initiated in last February 2014. It consists of alternating two days with water then two days with dry taps in the areas allocated by the government. Water rationing is not always regarding water shortage. Sometimes it is related to the demand is greater than the supply. Supply may actually be sufficient in certain place but in some places with irresponsible user, the water is water at an uncontrolled level which led to nowhere to find fresh water. Thus, the government will create a solution for this problem such as water rationing to meet the requirements of every citizen. During Malaysia water crisis in 1998, 4.2 million people had to survive on 2553 million litres of water per day. This resulted in a shortage of 105 million litres per day. For year 2014, 7.1 million people need about 4900 million litres per day but with only 4367 million litres per day is available. Figure 1 shows the comparison of water needed between year 1998 and year 2014. In year 1998, there are 1.8 million people in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur that were affected by a six month long water rationing exercise which is from March to September as the result of El Nino phenomenon. The dry weather and lesser rainfall weather during year 1998 led to almost critical water levels in four dams which is Batu, Klang Gates, Langat and Semenyih. El Nino is actually a band of warm ocean water temperature that occasionally develops off the Pacific coast of South America. The Causes and Effects of Water Rationing Water shortage that resulted in water rationing does not happen in a single day. There are many causes of water shortages. Some of the examples are population growth, overuse of water by industries, pollution, global warming, drastic weather changes and others more. One of the causes that result in water rationing is the growing water shortage in the growing demand resulting from the population increase. The increase of demand of fresh water is directly proportional with the increasing population. The increase in demand arises out of a few factors which include the direct consumption demands of the increasing population and the demand from development and food production to give food to the increasing population. But then, the fresh water is not increasing but decreasing rapidly due to the over usage. Thus this will lead to the demand is more than the supply in which related to water shortage. Climate change has affected the whole water cycle, decreasing water resources and resulted in water shortage. Global warming too has speeded up the hydrological cycle and amplified evaporation will make drought conditions more rampant. One of the example of climate change is droughts occur more occasionally in some certain area while will be hit by flash floods which could destroy dams and reservoirs. Land use changes have a variation of influences on water resources. Whilst decrease of vegetation cover may result in better runoff, it decreases groundwater infiltration as well as the storage capability of dams and lakes through siltation. The significant draining of wetlands or extensive deforestation may change the microclimate of a region. This is a consequence of people cutting trees for numerous reasons including illegally felling of trees for sale. Some of the cause of water shortage is mismanagement by government officials. The government official lacked of law enforcement to stop water from being wasted. Water shortage is the whole nation as well as global problem which are happening at an alarming rate. It can be effective to increase consciousness among all people regarding age towards the seriousness of water shortage and the benefit of saving water. This is very important as it could make people realize the importance of water and not waste them uncontrollably. The government should implement laws to solve the problem like having hefty fines to those who waste water and not just a tab on the wrist. Due to rapid industrialization and a lack of wastewater treatment system, a large number of surface and ground water is contaminated and thus not safely available for human use. Water contamination can result from a numerous causes which include agricultural return flows, industry, and domestic uses. Both surface and groundwater are regularly affected. Destruction of the riverine environment decreases the ordinary ability of a river to deal with with pollution. The largest water using sector is agriculture. This is a common reality worldwide. As population increases, ever greater pressure is placed on agriculture to produce food. This in turn results in increased water demand. Water scarcity and food security are therefore directly related. In addition, using additional water than is returned in rain, people are polluting the water that they have. For example, most of the pesticides as well as fertilizers used in agriculture, sewer overflows and oil and grease from road will run off into water system. The other source of excess nutrients such as lawn fertilizers, pet and farm animal waste, decaying plant material. Industrial plants waste water treatment plants can also contribute the level of toxic substance enter the river and lake which will resulted in polluted water. Politicians and decision-makers are the people who have highest influence on the distribution of improve water shortage budgets and the adoption of policy. Unfortunately, a lot of politicians do not agree with the parameters of practical water resource management and this result in judgements are being made on the basis of short-term political feasibility. The effects of water shortages are the most noticeable to the everyday man. More than half of the worlds hospital beds are filled by people suffering from water linked diseases as well as nearly 20% of deaths to children under age five being credited to water related issues. Water related diseases include a wide variety of well-known and feared ailments such as Malaria, Lice, dengue fever, Hepatitis and other more. Water shortage will pose major nation or global challenges as it would reduce agricultural production as well as lead to an increase in food and water prices. This will greatly affect consumers disposable income, businesses profits and economic growth. Water can also become a source of conflicts among communities, states and countries. Developing countries such as Malaysia are more harshly affected by water shortages problem. Lack of clean and fresh water will caused health concerns and human loss as a result of poor hygiene. A lot of people who cannot get supply of clean water on a regular basis will end up using unclean water from streams which are usually contaminated. Those who are using contaminated water will develop health complications like cholera, diarrhea and other more in the long run. Besides that, hunger is another negative effect related with water shortage. Water shortage will link to agriculture. With lesser water, the crops produce will be lesser thus in the long run will leads to hunger and thirst. Water Rationing Survival Water rationing means the water company will limit the fresh water supply to domestic and industrial area. During water rationing period it is needed for people to save water and prevent from wasting it. There are a few survival skills during water rationing such as greywater recycling. Greywater recycling is the waste water generated from washing machine and dishwasher is used for other stuff. The greywater can be used for cleaning the house compound, flushing toilet and many more. So, never pour water down the drain when there may be additional use for it for example watering a plant or garden, or for cleaning. This can be done by while taking showers, place a bucket in the showers to catch excess water and use the water for cleaning or flushing the toilet. This can be apply when washing dishes or vegetable in the sink. Next, it would be turning off the main water valves when it is not in used. As during water shortage, water is very limited. Thus when the local officials advice on the water rationing, it is better to off the main water valves to prevent those already in the tank is contaminated. Apart from that, during water rationing, it is best to repair broken or leaking pipes. This is to prevent extra water being wasted unnecessarily. This can be done by repairing dripping faucets by replacing their washers. Another method is to check for toilet tank leaks by adding food colouring into the tank. If the toilet is leaking, colour will appear in the toilet bowl within 30 minutes to an hour. It is good to check the toilet for worn out, corroded or bent parts. Most of the replacement parts are inexpensive, readily available as well as easily installed. During shower, it is better to take shorter shower instead of long bath. Replace the showerhead with ultra-low flow version. Some of the ultra-low flow version allows users to cut off the flow without adjusting the water temperature knobs. In the shower, turn on the water to get wet and turn off after the body is wet then turn back on to rinse off. Repeat it when washing the hair too. Avoid flushing the toilet unreasonably. Throw of tissues, insects and other related waste in the dustbin rather than the toilet bowl. For the lawn, do not overwater the lawn. As a general rule, lawns only need watering every five to seven days in a week. Heavy rain will eliminate the need of watering for up to two weeks. If possible, do buy a rain gauge and use it to measure the rain that land on the lawn. Water lawns during the early morning hours when temperatures and are the lowest. This reduces water losses from evaporation. Another method is having bigger water storage. With less water used on days when the water is rationed, it is best to realigning the use of fresh water. Having extra storage in the house will be good if water rationing period is extended for a day or two. If the water storage is on the roof, it had to be big enough to store water for drinking, bathing and cooking. Recommendation to the Causes Identified There are a lot of steps that can be taken to solve water shortage issues. One of them is rainwater harvesting system. Rainwater harvesting system will cut down the usage of treated water used for car washing, toilet as well as general cleaning. This will save up on the water bills. One huge problem is finding sufficient space for the rain water harvesting system to be installed. It is not a small piece of device that one can just plug and play. Another recommendation for water shortage is desalinization. Desalinization is system which can filter the salty water through membranes and removing the salt through electro dialysis and reverse osmosis process. Desalinization process has worked for about 130 nations in North Africa and Middle East. With the use of this system, these nations are currently producing around six billion of fresh water daily. Since Malaysia is surrounded by sea, it is possible to introduce desalinization process. Besides this, another recommendation is to protect water catchment areas. Water consumption is normally divided into domestic, industry and agriculture. Most of the water consumption is for domestic sector as most of the industries and agriculture use raw water instead. Government should introduce more water catchment areas for example forest and lakes. These are the areas that must take into consideration of future need of raw water. These areas should be register as national park so no deforestation and no development could be done at that area. Thus, this would ensure the future supply of raw water. Government should improve the water supply infrastructures as a method to prevent water shortage. The government could build more service reservoirs to prevent water shortage. A service reservoir could store up to a minimum one or two days of storage of water. On top of that, government should use meters as a method to monitor how much water does people are sending down the drains, flushing in toilets and pouring over their gardens. Meter is the fairest way to charge for water and the people need to be held responsible for what they use. For example, a family of four uses as much water in a day as a sprinkler uses in an hour. If people are using sprinkle and swimming pool, they need to pay extra. Apart from that, the government should persuade and educate people to use less water. Small actions like turning off the taps during washing up could save a lot of water. For example, by turning off the tap while brushing teeth would save a lot of water. If a normal tap runs at five litres a minute, people do brush their teeth for two minutes for twice a day. It would be 20 litres that goes down the sink. Another method is by charging the water based on the water quality. A raw water quality based raw water tariff should also be in place to ensure the governments are receiving income by safe guarding the water catchment areas to secure raw water resources. Safe guarding water catchment areas will preserve the raw water quality and reduce cost of treating water which will be translated to affordable water tariff. Conclusion In conclusion, stopping water crisis from reaching tragic level needs more concern of people as well as governments. It can be an effective ways to increase consciousness among all people from all walks of life regarding the shortage of water and what people have to face in the future if the uncontrolled water usage is not stopped. Governments should implement laws to penalize uncontrollable use of water. People should be wiser and miser in using water. Everyone must think of better ways to discipline oneself so that water is not wasted. It is better to come up with precaution than solution. Finally, people should safeguard the environment and filter unwanted pollutants before it is release to the environment Reference Toltal Words: 2598 words 1

“Beijing EAPS Consulting, Inc.” Case Study Essay

The case study, â€Å"Beijing EAPS Consulting, Inc.† in the Custom Book, (2011), examines the project management structure of the Beijing EAPS Consulting (BEC) company. This case study also addressesabout project plan itself and how the co-workers are struggling with this communication between bothmangers. This project plan has demonstrated many strengths and weakness. The one thing that theproject plan needs put into action is safeguards to insure that the project is completed on time.BEC has taken on the matrix organizational structure. This type of structure combines functional anddivisional organization structure styles. There are advantages and disadvantages in utilizing this type of organizational structure. Advantages include resource utilization, specialization, cross functional areas,communication and flexibility. Resource utilization allows for the project departmental managers tofocus on their strengths. Also, it allows for the managers to all the workers to specialize in an area of important for that project. In turn, it uses people across the company who specialize in a field thatrelates to the project at hand. This matrix structure permits cross departmental communication andflexibility to work on different projects across the company structure.( Guzman, 2012)However, with advantages come disadvantage with this type of matrix organizational structure. Thisstructure increases complexity within the organization by leading to confusion among both workers andmanagers. The managers may not know what a certain employee has on their plate. In reverse, theemployee will obtain an overload of work because they are receiving work from two different types of managers. Another disadvantage is an increase in overhead cost for the company due to the need fordouble management. This double management can lead to confusion between managers as to who hasthe higher priority of work creating a power struggle. (Johnson, 2012) The case study, â€Å"Beijing EAPS Consulting, Inc.† in the Custom Book, (2011), reveals many advantages anddisadvantages to this matrix organizational structure. For instance, the project manager, Ms. Song, andthe departmental manager, Mr. Yang, are having a problem deciding who makes the final decisions onwork to be completed because they are the same level in the management structure. Ms. Song feels like she does not have the authority to give direction to Mr. Yang’s employees. She is also wary about asking Mr. Yang to give his employees work from her because of his temperament. The loud and  abrasiveattitude of Mr. Yang represents the rational personality type. A rational trait is more forceful and can getangry quickly. (Lewis, 2003) Mr. Yang knows he has this type of personality; however, he does not doanything to curve this problem when he notices that Ms. Song is not communicating with him. Also, theemployees do not know which manager to listen to or how to prioritize their work at hand. This causesmore conflict between the employees, the project manager and departmental managers. In addition,these employees are not sure if the project manager or the department manager is their directsupervisor. This in turn causes conflict between both managers.There are some strengths and weaknesses that have been made clear about the project plan in the case study, â€Å"Beijing EAPS Consulting, Inc.† in the Custom Book, (2011). These weaknesses include an overload of individual and team projects. The employees need to work extra hours to keep up with tightdeadlines. They are also working across department lines meaning they have to meet the demands of more than one manager at a time. When urgent matters arise they a re required to add the new work tomeet a new deadline on top of the current work load which now causes more stress on the employees.